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During the last century there were huge advances in our knowledge of the Earth, although there is still much more to be discovered.
Waves | Origin of the name | Speed | Substances they travel through | Movement they provoke |
---|---|---|---|---|
P | Primary: they are the first to arrive to the surface. | Faster | All. They travel faster in solids than liquids. | They make the terrestrial particles move in the same direction as the wave. |
S | Secondary: they arrive after the P waves. | Slower | They travel through solids not liquids. | They make the terrestrial particles move perpendicularly to the wave. |
Seismic discontinuity
By studying internal P and S waves, scientists discovered the existence of seismic discontinuities. These are places in the Earth's interior where there are abrupt changes in the speed of these waves, indicating a change in the composition or the physical state of the materials they are travelling through. They show us the boundaries between different layers of the Earth.
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