Sunrise (in the east) and sunset (in the west) allows us to orient ourselves; to identify east and to find the cardinal points: north, south, east and west.
In the Middle Ages, the compass was invented in China. A compass indicates north, and its opposite, south.
Just like the other planets, the Earth moves in two different ways: rotation and revolution.
The Earth rotates on an imaginary line called the Earth's axis. The axis is a little tilted and runs through the centre of the planet between the North and South Poles.
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In the diagram, you can see that the Sun's rays only reach part of the Earth's surface. As the Earth turns on its axis during the course of the day, different parts of the planet are gradually illuminated. This is what causes days and nights.
It takes the Earth 365 days and 6 hours to complete one revolution. A calendar year is 365 days, so the 6 hours accumulate. Every 4 years we add one day to the month of February, which goes from 28 days to 29. A year with 366 days is called a leap year.
Because the Earth's axis is tilted, the Sun's rays hit the Earth differently depending on the time of year, causing variations in temperature and the length of the day. So, as the Earth revolves around the Sun, we get different seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter. The seasons in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres are opposite: when it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere, it is winter in the Southern Hemisphere.
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Activity 8
Listen and choose true or false. Say the correct answer for the false ones.
Activity 9
Responde a las siguientes preguntas: (500 palabras máximo cada pregunta)
Activity 10
Responde a las siguientes preguntas: (500 palabras máximo cada pregunta)
Activity 11
Responde a las siguientes preguntas: (500 palabras máximo cada pregunta)
